It'd be nice if they had some pictures of placed nanotubes rather than the generic nanotube spaghetti they show. Maybe make a logo like 'C12' with them to show the pick and place process is versatile.
This is an experimental demonstration of the technology that makes Neal Stephenson's "Diamond Age" possible. They place an individual carbon atom pair(dimer) on silicon. Silicon has the same crystal structure as diamond, so adding carbon in this manner is similar to building diamond. There is potential for eventually making 3D atomically precise structures of diamond with this tech although that is far off.
This is a very, very basic demonstration, but it's showing for the first time that atoms can be controllably and programmably covalently bonded in something that can probably be extended to 3D. There was a lot of skepticism that this process was possible at all, so an experimental demonstration is important
There are proposals for the 6G standard to support Integrated Sensing and Communication(ISAC)[0]. So the hardware might natively be able to support gait recognition. The use cases given are UAV detection and localization. It sort of seems like this could bring Vernor Vinge's localizer mesh to reality, privacy implications be damned
[0]https://www.ericsson.com/en/blog/2024/6/integrated-sensing-a...
Industrial robots at least are very reliable, MTBF is often upwards of 100,000 hours[0]. Industrial robots are optimized to be as reliable as possible because the longer they last and less often they need to be fixed, the more profitable they are. In fact, German and Japanese companies came to dominate the industrial robotics market because they focused on reliability. They developed rotary electric actuators that were more reliable. Cincinnati Millicron(US) was out competed in the industrial robot market because although their hydraulic robots were strong, they were less reliable.
I am personally a bit skeptical of anthropormophic hands achieving similarly high reliability. There's just too many small parts that need to withstand high forces.
If you E-stop an industrial robot, it stops immediately, all OK. If a humanoid were to freeze like that, it would fall over and hurt you and your stuff on the way down, when it'll damage itself.
Mechanical reliability is not the main concern IMO
This will probably need to be updated soon. There are rumors NIF recently achieved a gain of ~4.4 and ~10% fuel burn up. Being able to ignite more fuel is notable in and of itself.
In the context implied above it is the ratio of fusion energy released to laser energy on target or the laser energy crossing the vacuum vessel boundary (they are the same in this case). So it would have been more precise to say "target gain" or "scientific gain".
And why wouldn't it work? Linear slide like mechanisms consisting of a silver surface and single molecule have been demonstrated[0]. The molecule only moved along rows of the silver surface. It was demonstrated to stay in one of these grooves up to 150 nm. A huge distance at this scale.
It can work (see my sibling comment) but it's tricky. The experiment you link was done under ultra-high vacuum and at low temperatures (below 7 K), using a quite exotic molecule which is, as I understand it, covered in halogens to combat the "sticky fingers" problem.
You seem to be knowledgeable about this topic. The reversible
component designs in the article appear to presuppose a clock signal
without much else said about it. I get that someone might be able to
prototype an individual gate, but is the implementation of a practical
clock distribution network at molecular scales reasonable to take for granted?
To your question: I suppose all you need is for the halide moieties (Br) in your gates to also couple to the halide ions (Br clock?). The experiment you link was conducted at 7K for the benefit of being able to observe it with STM?
That's a different kind of clock, and its clock mechanism is a gradual and somewhat random decrease in the concentration of one reagent until it crosses a threshold which changes the equilibrium constant of iodine. It isn't really related to the kind of clock you use for digital logic design, which is a periodic oscillation whose purpose is generally to make your design insensitive to glitches. Usually you care about glitches because they could cause incorrect state transitions, but in this case the primary concern is that they would cause irreversible power dissipation.
The experiment was conducted at 7K so the molecule would stick to the metal instead of shaking around randomly like a punk in a mosh pit and then flying off into space.
Yeah you're probably right about the clocks but I hope that wouldn't stop people from trying :)
>The experiment was conducted at 7K so the molecule
Br is good at sticking to Ag so I suspect the 7K is mainly (besides issues connected to their AFM^W STM setup) because the Euro dudes love ORNL's cryo engineering :)
Br's orbitals are filled here because it's covalently bonded to a carbon, so it's basically krypton. Experiments with moving atoms around on surfaces with STMs are always done at cryogenic temperatures because that's the only way to do them.
>. Hence, the Br atoms kept the molecules on track, likely because their
interaction with the surface substantially contributed to the barrier for molecular rotation
Yeah that's a reason people prefer AFM (but then they won't be able to do manipulation)?
[Br- is a "good leaving group", not so much at 7K maybe. You are also right in that, above all, they don't want their molecule sticking (irreversibly) to the (tungsten) tip ]
I'm only acquainted with the basics of the topic, not really knowledgeable. It's an interesting question. I don't think the scale poses any problem—the smaller the scale is, the easier it is to distribute the clock—but there might be some interesting problems related to distributing the clock losslessly.
Those are some of the halogens I'm talking about. It's a little more polarizable than the covalently-bonded fluorine, so you get more of a van der Waals attraction, but still only a very weak one.
At some point, making mechanical watches more complicated will require going digital. It is possible to make very small gears with semiconductor processes, however, very small gears wear out fast due to stiction.
In order for gears to work they must have sliding contact and that means wear. Mechanisms based on flexures don't have this problem, but this requires building the clock very differently. It might be possible to implement many of these complications using flexure based logic[0].
I would not consider this a 'robot' because power and control is not on board. It's more of a puppet than a robot. At the very least, the magnets should be included in the size of the robot.
